Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) present a unique proficiency to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This property has led extensive research in numerous fields, including biomedical imaging, medicine, and optoelectronics. However, the probable toxicity of UCNPs raises considerable concerns that demand thorough ana

Quantum dots possess the potential to revolutionize display technology by enabling brighter and more vibrant colors. These nanoscale semiconductors emit light of a specific color depending on their size, offering a wide range of tunable wavelengths. Unlike traditional displays that rely on bulky filters or phosphors, quantum dots offer a direct lig